Dejima is the fan-shaped island built in 1636 that, for 218 years until the Dutch trading post closed in 1859, was Japan's only window open to the Western world. Its story begins earlier: guns arrived in 1543, Christianity in 1549, and in 1600 a Dutch ship, the Liefde, drifted ashore in Bungo, carrying the navigator William Adams, who became Tokugawa Ieyasu's adviser. The Dutch opened a trading post at Hirado in 1609 before moving to Dejima, where trade was steadily squeezed by shogunate limits, down to one ship a year by 1790. Walk the restored warehouses and merchant quarters and picture the annual arrival of ships from Batavia, with goods, books and ideas flowing through this tiny enclave. This is a great first stop for your love of trade history, and it sits close to the centre so it needs no long transfer. Go in the afternoon, linger for the harbor light, and check the official site for current opening hours and admission.