Welcome to Ostuni, often called 'La Citta Bianca' or 'The White City.' As you stand here, look up at this brilliant cluster of buildings perched across three distinct hills, rising two hundred meters above the surrounding plains. You are standing at a crossroads of civilizations; throughout the centuries, this strategic height has been held by the Messapians, Greeks, Romans, Normans, and Aragonese. Legend says the original name 'Astu Neon' meant 'New Town' in Greek, and today, that ancient spirit of reinvention still glows under the Mediterranean sun. This guide will take you beyond the beautiful white facades, revealing why this city reflects such a blinding light, the tragic events that led to its unique appearance, and a discovery that changed our understanding of prehistoric human life forever. Prepare yourself for a steady climb, as many of the best stories are hidden at the very peak of these winding, chalky alleys.