Welcome to the Basilica of Santa Croce, the largest Franciscan church in the world. As you stand here in the vast Piazza Santa Croce, you are looking at the Pantheon of Italian Glories, a title given to this sacred space because it serves as the final resting place for some of the greatest minds in history. Legend says the original small oratory on this site was founded by Saint Francis of Assisi himself around the year 1210. However, the magnificent Gothic structure you see today was begun in 1294, likely designed by the architect Arnolfo di Cambio, the same master who worked on the Florence Cathedral and the Palazzo Vecchio. As you enter, notice how the building feels like a massive, quiet sanctuary separated from the bustling city outside. It is designed in the shape of an Egyptian cross, or a capital T, a symbol deeply connected to the Franciscan order.