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Why the Sagrada Família's columns branch like trees
This is inside the Sagrada Família, in Barcelona. And its stone columns lean, and split into branches, like trees. Here's why. Big Gothic cathedrals, like Notre-Dame in Paris, have a problem: their high stone vaults push the walls outward. So they lean on flying buttresses: stone arms, propping them up from the outside. Gaudí didn't like that one bit. To him, buttresses were crutches. He wanted a church that could stand on its own. So, for another church near Barcelona, he tried something strange. He hung strings from the ceiling, with tiny bags of birdshot as weights. Gravity pulled every string into a perfect curve. Turn it upside down, and you get arches that hold themselves up. No crutches needed. He brought the same idea here. The columns lean, and branch out, the way a tree holds up its canopy. And the canopy has leaves of coloured glass: cool blues and greens on the sunrise side, warm reds and oranges where the sun sets. If you go, find the copy of his string model in the museum. Then come back in the late afternoon, when the forest turns orange.
Sources: Sagrada Família (official site) · TU Delft repository · Dezeen